Employee right case study bea Essay Example for Free

Employee right case study bea Essay The Pledge of Loyalty is part of the baptismal of fire when you enter an organization. When you become part of a group, you are obliged to follow the pledge or if you cannot, just leave. And this will play a crucial role in the discussion of this case study. On the first question of Allen Lopez retaining his job, while the First Amendment states that Lopez’ airing of grievance is protected under the Freedom of Expression, he is, however, in conflict with the crime of defamation and for not observing employment restrictions and loyalty oaths. So while he is allowed to use whatever medium to state his feelings and ideas, the law allows his company to fire him for he endangers the security of his company’s workforce. On the second question on whether Lopez be forced to remove his website, the company may do one of two things. First, the company may petition for Temporary Restraining Order that will be issued by the court which will then order Lopez to freeze the website or to bring it down temporarily before the court decides on whether putting up the website did violate company laws as stated in the loyalty pledge. Second is to sue Lopez for damages and include in their motion that he bring down the website to curb further attacks on the company’s image. Lastly, on how ExtremeNets executives will respect Lopezs rights and dignity, it is best for ExtremeNet to simply ask the court to bring the website down especially if it did not pose any significant negative effects in the dealings of the company. Allen Lopez has been a good employee and was only fighting for the welfare of the lower ranking employees. But still, it is in the discretion of ExtremeNet to either fire or retain Allen Lopez in the company. FindLaw. First Amendment – Freedom of Expression. accessible at http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment01/ eLaws. Employment Law Guide. accessible at http://www.dol.gov/compliance/guide/

UK Anti-Terrorism Laws Analysis of Key Concepts

UK Anti-Terrorism Laws Analysis of Key Concepts The UK Home Office holds plenty of different legislative functions that are used to help prevent any terror attacks from happening. Their main strategy used to counter terrorism is called Operation contest, it involves four detailed criteria to ensure that any attacks are successfully prevented. Firstly, it aims to Pursue or follow terrorist activity in order to be able to stop terrorist attacks. Secondly, it wants to Prevent people from becoming terrorists, or actively supporting terrorist movements. Thirdly, Home Office aims to Protect the public and strengthen the safeguarding levels used to protect the nation from such attacks as the ones in France. Finally, the last element of the criteria is to Prepare. This stage is a last resort for when an attack cannot be stopped, and its intention is to mitigate the impact of the attack as much as is possible in order to fulfil the other criteria to an effective standard. The prevention of terrorism is more relevant now than ever before, considering recent attacks, such as the ones in Nice this year. The Anti-Terrorism, Crime + Security Act 2001 (ATCSA) implemented the Indefinite detention of international terror suspects, in an attempt to gain further control over the issue. S.21 of this Act declares that the Secretary of state may issue a certificate in respect of a person, if they reasonably believe that a persons presence in UK is a risk to national security, and they suspect that the person is a terrorist. This is a useful prevention method, because detaining possible suspects means that they cannot partake in any dangerous terror related acts. However, there are some issues concerning the detainment of individuals, especially when it is not certain that the individual has been identified as a terrorist. In order to pass the legislation, the government had to derogate from Article 5 of ECHR, which deals with the right to liberty for individuals. (AV Secretary of State Home Department 2004)[1] It is argued that even a suspected international terrorist must still be given certain rights, for example they can use S.21 to appeal to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission against the allegations made against them. The detainment of falsely accused suspects in particular could cause conflict within todays modern society; Lord Hoffman claimed that the real threat to the life of the nation, in the sense of a people living in accordance with its traditional laws and political values, comes not from terrorism, but from laws such as these. To emphasise this point, Lord Scott said that indefinite imprisonment that is based on ground s that are not disclosed and made by a person whose identity cannot be disclosed, is the stuff of nightmares. This raises doubt to the sincerity of governmental intentions regarding terrorism suspects, and the success rate of finding and stopping active terrorists from causing irreparable damage. Following the ruling of the House of Lords, the government replaced the provisions of ATCSA 2001 with the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 (PTA) This introduced various changes and new methods, such as control orders for all terror suspects; these can be implemented whether the suspect is British or foreign, which has introduced a higher level of equality towards the treatment of suspects. This Act stipulates that control order means an order against an individual that imposes obligations on him. For purposes connected with protecting members of the public from the risk of terrorism. The obligations that may be imposed by a control order made against an individual, are any obligations that are necessary for purposes connected with preventing or restricting involvement by that individual in terrorism-related activity. The PTA allowed the statute to impose non-derogating control orders on individuals, which included electronic tagging, curfews, visitation restrictions, internet bans, and limits placed upon phone communication. (Secretary of State for home Department V JJ 2007)[2] A control order is not the same thing as being placed under house arrest. The sole purpose is to put a stop to any potential terrorist activity, and they are tailored to each individual case in order to be a successful prevention method. They can be imposed for a period of up to 12 months at a time, but then an application for renewal must be made. This is a highly effective strategy to prevent terrorists from being able to plan or stipulate any attacks. Because it cuts off, or at least monitors all communication between the detainee and the outside world, it means that the individual has no way of executing any sort of attack, via his own actions or through somebody elses. It is a good and effective method hat is reasonably accessible too, which theoretically should be a highly effective prevention strategy, once a suspect has been identified. Despite the effectiveness of the method, Lord Bellingham likened the conditions of a control order to that of prison, simply without the benefit of association with others. He questions the humanity of the control order, and whether it is ethically acceptable to place an individual under these conditions, especially when it has not been proven that they have committed a crime. However, in contrast to this, Lord Brown noted that provided the core element of confinement does not exceed 16 hours a day, it is insufficiently stringent as a matter of law to effect a deprivation of liberty. This means that by law it is acceptable to allow the use of such a method, where the affected individual is a threat to the welfare of the nation. Beyond 16 hours, however, liberty is lost, and the problems with the control order are entirely valid. Article 6 (1) of the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR), addressed the issue of a defendants rights in regards to a fair trial. In the determination of his civil rights and obligations, or of any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law. Judgement is openly accessible in the interest of the public eye, but the press and public may be excluded from all or part of the trial itself in the interest of morals, public order, or national security in a democratic society. Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall be presumed innocent until proven guilty according to the law. In addition, everyone charged with a criminal offence has the right to be informed promptly, in a language which they understand and in detail, of the nature and cause of the accusation against them. They have the right to defend themselves in person, or through legal assistance of their own choosing, and also to examine or have examined witnesses against them and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on their behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against them. The House of Lords held that Article 6 (1) of the ECHR did apply to the control order proceedings, meaning that the suspect would be entitled to a fair and public hearing, along with the other criteria mentioned. (Secretary of State for home Department V MB, AF 2007)[3] Lord Billingham said that in regards to any case in which a person was at risk of a control order containing obligations, there could be a fair trial in spite of the fact that a controlled person was neither provided with the detail nor the sources of the evidence, forming the basis of the allegations. Terrorist suspects also have a right to respect for private and family life, and there shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right. Except when it is in accordance with the law, and is necessary in a democratic society in the interest of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country, or for the prevention of disorder or crime. Similarly, no one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. (G V Secretary of State for home Department 2004)[4] These conditions illustrate the States compliance with acceptance of a suspects individual rights. This brings us to the conclusion that the main importance to the Government is to use the law to aid them in preventing any terrorist acts that could be a threat to the safety of the country. There are various provisions in regards to the reform and abolition of control orders under the Terrorism Prevention and Investigation Measures Act 20011 (TPIM). These include the introduction of a replacement system of terrorism prevention and investigative measures. There have also been increased safeguarding levels for the civil liberties of individuals that are subject to the measure. For example, there is now a higher test that must be satisfied before the measures can be imposed upon suspects; compared to what already exists for control orders, which have a maximum time limit of 2 years for TPIM notices. Further measures can only be imposed if the person has re-engaged in the terrorism. But restrictions that impact on an individuals ability to follow normal patterns of daily life will be kept to a minimum in order to protect the public. They will have to be proportionate and clearly justified in order to keep the public at peace with the State and how effectively they are managing current affairs in relation to the protection of the public regarding threats of terrorism. The Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015 is another useful aid in providing legislative measures to prevent terrorist attacks from becoming a reality within the UK. For example, it allows the seizure of passports from persons suspected of involvement in terrorism for up to 30 days. This means that it stops possible suspects from being able to leave the country to avoid capture, but more importantly they cannot get on any flights and commit terror attacks. This Act also allows the imposition of temporary exclusion orders from the UK, used to stop potential threats from executing any plans within the UK that could cause any serious damage or harm to the country. The Police are provided with various legislative measures to assist them in the counter of terrorist acts, such as stop and search powers, which are given to them under s.43 of the Terrorism Act 2000. (TACT) A constable may stop and search a person whom is reasonably suspected to be a terrorist, or to discover whether he has in his possession anything which may constitute valid evidence of terrorism. However, this method has been used less and less in recent years. The Metropolitan Police stopped and searched 411 people in the year of 2014/2015, compared to 2010/11, where 1,154 people were searched, and an even larger total of 1,896 in 2009/10. Lord Carlile of Berriew complained about the effectiveness of it, as it catches no or almost no terrorism material, it has never caught a terrorist, therefore it should be used conservatively. The exercise of this stop and search power was a clear interference of Article 8(1) of the ECHR, which is the right to privacy. As shown in (Gillan + Quinton V UK 2009)[5], it is not in accordance with the law, and therefore not the best method to use when trying to prevent terrorist attacks. Port and border controls are another prevention method used in an effort to keep the country safe from attacks. The State reserves wide powers to stop, search and detain individuals at ports and airports. (Beghal V Director of Public Prosecutions 2015)[6] However, recent changes have reduced the maximum period someone can be questioned before being detained from a 9-hour period to just 6 hours. With access to legal advice for all individuals who are questioned for more than one hour. 32,000 individuals were stopped at ports in the UK in 2014/15. Despite the use of this method being generally avoided, there are other more successful strategies that are used within the UK to prevent terrorism. These defensive strategies have been put in place with the sole purpose of protecting the public of the UK, and gives law enforcement the power to do all they can to prevent such attack as the ones in Nice. Terrorism is defined in the UK by the Terrorism Act 2000 (TACT) within three main subsections.ÂÂ   S.1(a) defines it as the use of threat or action that involves serious violence against a person, serious damage to a property, or endangers a persons life, other than the person committing the action. Terrorism also occurs if the action creates a serious risk to the health or safety of the public or a section of the public, or if it is designed to seriously interfere with or disrupt an electric system.ÂÂ   S.1(b) of TACT stipulates that terrorism also involves the use of threats that are designed to influence the government or an international government organisation, or to intimidate the public. Finally, S.1(c) explains that terrorism occurs where the use of the threat is made for the purpose of advancing a political, religious, racial, or ideological cause. Additionally, the use or threat of action which involves the use of firearms or explosives acts as a count of terroris m, whether it falls within section b. or not. (Regina V F 2007)[7] The general definition of terrorism references criteria such as the intention and motivation of a suspected terrorist, whereas a more specific approach identifies terrorist activities like hijacking and taking hostages. The case of (R V Gul 2013)[8] UKSC 64, made the Supreme Court reconsider the definition of terrorism, as it is arguably far too wide to be an effective prevention method. One person could be seen as a terrorist to a certain number of the population, but to another section such as a conflicting religion or country, they could be seen as a freedom fighter. Because of this, it has been difficult to agree on a definition of terrorism that is suitable for everyone at an international level. The issue in this case concerned the legal definition in TACT and whether or not it includes military attacks by non-state armed groups working against the armed forces during conflict. The Supreme Courts press summary explained how it unanimously dismissed Mr Guls appeal because of a judgment given by Lord Neuberger and Lord Judge, which was agreed by other members within the courts. Mr Gul argued that both domestic law and international law required that the legal definition of terrorism should be narrow and strictly interpreted. This was to exclude its application from situations where it is not necessary, namely those involving actions by non-state armed troops attacking foreign armed forces in their territory. The definition had clearly been drafted in deliberately wide terms so it could take into account the various and unpredictable ways that terrorism might take effect. In these circumstances, the only reason for the Court to interpret the definition more restrictively would be if it conflicted with the ECHR, or generally with the UKs obligations in international law. In parting, the Court noted that although the issue was one for Parliament to decide, the current definition of terrorism is concerningly wide, and needs to be condensed significantly in order to be more productive in its effort to prevent terrorism. However, in contrast to this view, Lord Carlile shares his own views on terrorism in The Definition of Terrorism. (7th June 2007) His main conclusions find that there is not one single definition of terrorism that commands full international approval. The risks posed by terrorism and its nature as a crime are sufficient to necessitate proportional and special laws to assist prevention, disruption and detection. This indicates that the definition of terrorism would be a very useful part of such laws, and the more detail that can be provided, the better. It would provide an easier way to not only define but recognise acts of terrorism and put more effective precautionary measures and laws in place to stop such events occurring. The current definition of terrorism is consistent with international comparators and treaties, meaning it is useful because of how broadly fit for its purpose it is. There are many different ways an individual can commit acts of terrorism, so it makes sense that an efficient definition would be fairly broad or extensive, to cover all possible aspects. For example, the offences against property should continue to fall within the definition of terrorist acts, as well as with religious causes. However, the only religiously inspired terrorist attack in the whole of Europe in 2013 was the murder of Lee Rigby in Woolwich.ÂÂ   This shows that despite its necessity, this part of the definition is not needed very often. But that does not mean that it is an insufficient part of the definition, therefore it should not be discarded or overlooked. The definition being so broad does not bring us to the conclusion that it is unfit for its purpose, if anything it makes it more effective as it c an help to prepare for or determine all or more possible terrorist activities. Alternatively, it could be argued that there is no such need for certain elements of the definition, and that to be more effective it should in fact be more concise. S.1(b) includes actions which are not severe enough to constitute actual acts of terrorism. Therefore, existing laws should be amended so that these actions cease to fall within the definition if they were only intended to influence the specific target audience. For terrorism to arise, influencing actions or reactions is not enough. The root of the word terrorism is taken from a Latin term that means to frighten, therefore, there should be a definite intention to intimidate the target audience, or make them act in a certain way. Even though some sections may be too broad to be effective, extra-territoriality should remain within the definition in accordance with international obligations. This would allow justified prosecutions of terrorist activities in other countries, such as Iraq and Syria. The Terrorism Act is a wide-ranging piece of legislation that criminalises various acts related to terrorism as it defines it. The legal definition of terrorism it provides is so broad it has been argued that it threatens to criminalise most of the general population as well. The UK Governments current independent reviewer of terrorism legislation is called David Anderson QC, who succeeded Lord Carlile of Berriew C.B.E. Q.C. in February 2011. Anderson has expressed some concerns regarding the issues arising with the definition of terrorism. In one of his reports, he argued that the current definition needs to be much more narrow, otherwise simple general affairs such as political speeches or investigative journalism could be incorrectly identified as terrorism. This is not the aim of the definition, it illustrates a good example of why it is too broad, as not only is it broad enough to include all counts of terrorism, it is also so broad that it is incorrectly criminalising many othe r individuals which is an unjustified result of a poorly crafted definition. In another one of David Andersons reports, he discussed ways in which to solve the problems, the necessary actions to narrow it down and become a more applicable definition would be to remove s.1(c), which stipulates that shooters and bombers are deemed to be terrorists even if they are not trying to influence or intimidate anyone other than their immediate victim. This rule is only applicable within the UK, and it does not apply to poisoners, arsonists or people who use cars or machetes as weapons. Therefore, it is arguable that repealing it would not have much of an impact on the current UK legislation regarding terrorism anyway. This deems it a potential solution to discard the particular subsection of the definition in order to condense it and put more focus on factors with higher levels of importance. Ultimately, this would make the definition more fit for its purpose, and there would be less speculation regarding its levels of effectiveness. The UK has some of the most extensive anti-terrorism laws in the western world.ÂÂ   They give Ministers, prosecutors and the police the powers they need to put a stop to violence caused by terrorists. Hate crimes are another example used to illustrate how unnecessarily extensive the definition of terrorism actually is. A hate crime may include something like an indirect act of racism, but it will not always suffice as an act of terrorism. For example, a child making a threat on a fascist website to shoot their teacher would be legally classed as a terrorist. This act is criminally wrong, but if the child only intended to harm that one individual teacher, who would be the only person that would be immediately affected by their act, then it is wrong to characterise them as a terrorist as well. Therefore meaning that the current definition has flaws that need to be amended in order to stop the incorrect determination of terrorists or terrorist activity. When comparing the definitions of terrorism from different countries, it is clear that there are some similarities between the basic structure of the definition. In 1986, France adopted its first anti-terrorism law. As of 2016, the French legal definition stipulates that an act of terrorism occurs if it is connected to individual or collective enterprises, and intended to gravely disturb the public order through the use of intimidation and fear. It defines terrorist acts as deliberate assaults at life and personal integrity. Similarly, the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations defines terrorism as the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives. This definition is arguably a lot more fit for purpose than the extensive version that the UK abide by. In comparison, it could be argued that the narrow definitions are more effective as they a llow clear focus on pinpointing the acts of terrorism to the best of the states ability, enabling efficient prevention of terrorism and harm. These definitions are not dissimilar, so with a small amount of change, the current UK definition could be equally as concise and effective as the others are. The word terrorism itself has a large political stigma attached to it. This could be the reason behind international communities having so much difficulty in finding a universally accepted definition of the term. Most governments do agree that certain key elements of crime are what we use to define an act as terrorism. These elements include a politically motivated act of violence that is used to target non-combatant targets, and is designed to spread fear across a nation or the world. The reason it is so difficult to define is that there are so many different types or ways in which it can occur. However, despite the fact that the current UK definition provided by TACT is extremely broad, it is still fit for its purpose. It is sufficient in catching terrorists and doing its best to prevent terrorism in order to protect the public. The problem is that it is so broad, it can unjustly criminalise individuals as well. To prevent this, some sections of the definition should be condensed i n order to reach a better balance. Bibliography The Definition of Terrorism. (7th June 2007) http://www.hri.org/docs/ECHR50.html https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/terrorism-prevention-and-investigation-measures-act http://claiminghumanrights.org/equality_before_law_definition.html http://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/api/tocectory?sttype=stdtemplatestnew=true https://portal.uclan.ac.uk/webapps/blackboard/content/listContent.jsp?course_id=_61833_1content_id=_1566774_1mode=reset [1]ÂÂ   AV Secretary of State Home Department 2004 UKHL 27; [2004] 2 A.C. 368 [2] Secretary of State for home Department V JJ 2007 7] UKHL 46 [2007] 3 WLR 681, [2008] 1 AC 440 [3] Secretary of State for home Department V MB, AF [2007] UKHL, [2007] 3 WLR 681, [2008] 1 AC 440 [4] [5] Gillan + Quinton V UK 2009 50 EHRR 45 [6] Beghal v DPP [2015] UKSC 49; [2015] 3 W.L.R. 344; [2015] 2 Cr. App. R. 34; [2015] H.R.L.R. 15 [7] Regina v F [2007] 3 WLR 164, [2007] 2 All ER 193, [2007] QB 960, [2007] [8] Regina V Gul 2013 UKSC 64

Urinary System Essays -- miscellaneous

Urinary System The urinary system has many different organs in order for it to work as a whole. Each organ does different functions. The urinary system consists of the two kidneys, the two ureters, the bladder, the two sphincter muscles, the nerves in the bladder, and the urethra. After your body takes what it needs from the food you eat waste products are then left behind in the blood. The urinary system works with the lungs, skin, and intestines to keep the chemicals and water in your body balanced. The urinary system removes urea from your body. Urea is made when the foods you eat that are high in protein are broken down in the body. Urea is then carried into the bloodstream to the kidneys by the renal arteries. The kidneys are bean shaped organs. They are a brownish-purplish sort of color. The outside of the kidneys are very tough, but smooth. This is described as a fibrous tunic. The outer part has millions of nephrons which are the basic unit of the kidney. The kidney is divided into two layers. The outer cortex and the medulla. When the outer cortex is stripped off you then get the medulla. The inside you have a thick mesh of muscular fibers. This is also smooth, and very even. It is very red in color, unlike the outside which is of brownish-purplish coloring. It is more red in color because it has tiny blood vessels. The kidneys are located in the posterior part of the abdomen, on both sides of the vertebral column. An easier way to say that would be right below the ribs towards the middle of your back. The right kidney is usually lower in location than the left kidney because of where the liver is. Each kidney is about 11cm long, 6cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick. The kidneys remove urea from the blood through a blood filtering unit called a nephron. There are more than 2 million nephrons in each kidney. The nephron is part of the homeostatic mechanism of your body. That mechanism maintains your water-salt balance, and it also regulates the amount of urea in your body. The blood enters the kidney through the bowmans capsule under pressure. This just surrounds the tuft of capillaries which is the glomerulus. The liquid just flows through the glomerulus under pressure. The pressure pushes the liquid out and keeps in the larger cells. This is filtration, because the glomerulus is taking the nutrients in and getting rid of the waste. After the filtering ... ...en view the bladder walls, and look for any signs of hemorrhages and damage. The treatment for IC is just to reduce the symptoms. There is no cure. You can treat it be oral drugs and changing your eating patterns. You treat it by nerve stimulants, and other drugs. Foods that are highly acidic and alcoholic, even salty will affect the flares of these pains. Considerations when a person has this disease is that they're in pain, and you can't make them do a lot of things. If they can't get up, then provide the best treatment you can by them laying down. A C.N.A will also have to watch their intake, to make sure the diet is still in affect so not to flare up any pains. Also, make sure they stop smoking because smoking is a major cause of bladder cancer. Do range of motion on the person with IC, because small exercise helps with relief of the symptoms. You may also do bladder training with your patient, to help them not use the bathroom so frequently. The training method is keep a schedule of when they should urinate, and stick to the schedule. If they have to go before then find a distraction to help them not think about it. If worse comes to worse, surgery is a possible answer too.

Give Children the Vote? I Vote No Essay -- Essay Critique Children Vot

Give Children the Vote? â€Å"What I suggest is that children be allowed to grow into their own right to vote at whatever rate suits them individually,† argues Vita Wallace as her major claim in the essay â€Å"Give children the vote† (1998, p.147). This is a thoughtful argument by Wallace, but I disagree with it. In this essay, Wallace presents her opinion, but the major claim could also be presented as a fact, judgment, or policy (McFadden, 2003). Throughout the essay, I see the interesting approach Wallace takes to try convince the audience. In my opinion she is unsuccessful. Wallace’s major claim, giving children the vote, is a good one and something many kids cringe about these days. She presents this argument in defense of kids, including herself, which she feels are being discriminated against. Wallace was home schooled, so she believes children should not be punished for choosing not to attend school. She continues saying, â€Å"Learning about discriminatory laws preventing high school dropouts from getting their driver’s licenses†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1998, p.145) made her think about the unfair treatment of kids. Realizing all the rights children miss out on, Wallace focuses on the right to vote. She was 16 when she wrote this essay and feels ready to vote. In fact she states, â€Å"I think I would not have voted until I was eight or nine, but perhaps if I had known I could vote I would have taken an interest sooner† (1998, p.147). The qualifiers also play a big role in â€Å"Give children the vote.† A qualifier is a word or two that modifies the claim (McFadden, 2003). Wallace does a good job with the qualifiers, and makes the claim stand out a little better. Wallace’s major claim, again, is children should have the right to vote. But ... ...-election depends on the well-being of the voters† (1998, p.146). Here, again, she uses a statement that has no evidence and more importantly, doesn’t even focus on the issue of kids voting. Wallace has worthwhile ideas, but I believe she needs to develop her research methods and legitimate arguments. Unfortunately, she uses her own examples, reasoning, and analysis to argue for the claim to allow kids to vote. Credible sources or harder evidence might be more useful in Wallace’s case. References Clark, I. L. (1998). The genre of argument. Boston: Thompson-Heinle McFadden, J. (Sept. 12 & 14, 2003). The toulmin method: From classical logic to modern argumentation. Lecture. Buena Vista University. Storm Lake, IA. Wallace, V. (1998). â€Å"Give children the vote.† The genre of argument. Ed. Irene L. Clark. Boston: Thompson-Heinle. p.145-48

Essay --

The play â€Å"An Enemy of the People† focuses on the truth and how different characters expose their outlook about it. Each of the characters are enthused by diverse things, so intern, they act in certain ways. Consequently, they end up in battles due to their differing opinions about the truth of the water. For example, Mayor Peter Stockmann acts in more aggressive way, because he’s motivated financially. Doctor Thomas Stockmann attempts to uncover the truth because of his worry of the public’s well-being and because he trusts that he’s doing the correct thing. Katherine supports Doctor Stockmann because she’s inspired by family and faithfulness towards her husband. Hovstad, a political radical, yet very corrupt as he enjoys stirring up drama as long as he isn’t directly involved. Everyone’s motivated by different things that are important to them, whether they are right or wrong they’re persistent in their beliefs. Mayor Stockmann had to disregard the reality because of money. Cash played a big role which moved Peter Stockmann to neglect the condition of the Baths therefore ending up in a battle with his brother Doctor Stockmann. Ever since the town added it, much income from the Baths, the Mayor didn’t want to uncover the truth to the public. Mayor Stockmann made the remark. â€Å"Of course it will be necessary to raise a municipal loan† (Ibsen 55), this proves that he’s being covetous and implying that at times, its most appropriate to hide the truth because individuals will get annoyed and attempt to repair the problem. Nonetheless, fixing the issue will take much finance and the Mayor’s awfully worried about money and reputation. He refused to put time and money in fixing the pipelines in the Baths so he chose to hide the truth and ... ...Stockmann, Doctor. Thomas Stockmann, Katherine and Hovstad all trust that what they’re doing is right and they feel that they must defend their ideas. Sadly to say, but Mayor Stockmann’s motivation is solely based upon money, Dr. Thomas Stockmann’s inspiration is morally the truth, Katherine is worried about the protection of the family, and Hovstad, just want to play both sides of the fences, because he is scared to be in the minority and afraid of the Mayor. These inspirations help each person to advance and form their character and disposition as the play continues. I feel that, it was very interesting to see how people will act in order to make themselves look good to the crowd. Even if it is the truth, and there is one person standing for truth and one hundred standing for a lie, people will sacrifice and be happy to be with the lie, because it is more people.

Differences between the ancient civilizations of Greece and Egypt Essay

The antiquated Egyptian and aged Greek human advancements are two of the eldest known developments in our history. Looking again at the past it is most likely Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece were truly incredible. They were building their civic establishment’s peace by peace trough centuries. Egypt is a nation in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea, and is around the  most senior developments on earth. It began around 3150 BC and proceeded till the close of the Pharaoh lead in 31 BC. The antiquated Greek development is accepted to have been in actuality from 1100 BC work something like 146 BC. However, there are many, many differences between the ancient civilizations of Greece and Egypt in term of education system, art and geographical regions. In the advanced world no aptitude is more exceedingly esteemed than education. The saying â€Å"instruction† is typically utilized as a part of the restricted feeling of educated training; and the rate of proficient subjec ts has turned into a measuring stick of the social advancement of creating nations (Saggs, 1989). According to History kids in Ancient Egypt stayed with their moms until the age of four (n.d.). Throughout these years, a solid admiration for their moms was imparted in the kids. At the age of four, instruction of the young men was assumed control by their fathers. Whereas Children in the vast majority of old Greece began their training at age seven (History, n.d.). In Sparta, young men were given military preparing from ages seven to twenty to equip them for administration in the armed force. Young ladies likewise were obliged to prepare physically. They accepted solid ladies handled solid children. The exchanges Ancient Egypt had levels of income and force connected with them. Children regularly followed in the same exchange that their father honed. Some kids at this point went to a general town school while others went to a school intended for a particular vocation, for example, a minister or a copyist (History, n.d.) . While In Athens, poor youngsters finished not head off to cl ass. They were required around their homes to help their family bring home the bacon (History, n.d.). White collar class young men may head off to class for just three to four years. In ancient Egypt schools were taught composing, perusing, math, and games and in addition ethics and estates. At the age of fourteen, children of agriculturists or specialists joined their fathers in their callings (History, n.d.). Those kids whose folks had higher status professions preceded their training at extraordinary schools generally joined to sanctuaries or legislative focuses. In aged Greece the subjects they took in were perusing, written work, essential math, music, and physical preparing (History, n.d.) . At the age of eighteen, most young men were  obliged to join the armed force for two years of preparing. In antiquated Egyptian larger amount of instruction included taking in what was called â€Å"Guideline of Wisdom.† The â€Å"Direction of Wisdom† included lessons on morals and ethics. This more elevated amount of instruction likewise concentrated on aptitudes required for higher status positions, for example, specialist or recorder (History, n.d.) . The instructive track that a scholar emulated was regularly dictated by the position that the father held in the public arena, yet, understudies who indicated capacity were ready to get preparing for higher status employments however in aged Greece, after military preparing , young men from affluent families considered under a pedant. Regarded as an â€Å"intelligence vender,† a critic charged a charge to show subjects, for example, open talking or talk (History, n.d. . In Athens and different vote based systems, open talking and influence were exceedingly prized abilities. Based on history ocrates, the acclaimed Greek savant, accepted it was dishonest to take cash for showing youngsters (n.d.). He accepted the hunt for learning was more critical than the specialty of talking. Aged Greece is found in the mainland of Europe. Greece is encompassed by slopes and mountains, and is close to the Mediterranean ocean (University Press Inc, 2003). The Empire was the core of European civilization. Whereas antiquated Egypt is placed in the Nile Valley, in the north east of Africa ( The British Museum, n.d). By 3000 BC, the consolidated kingdom of Egypt took the entire Nile Valley and by 1500 BC, Ancient Egypt involved the area in all bearings from the Syrian coast to the Red Sea down along the valley past Nubia ( The British Museum, n.d). According to University Press Inc Athens is the image of flexibility, craft, and majority rule government in the soul of the socialized world (2003). The capital of Greece took its name from the goddess Athena, the goddess of astuteness and learning. In Athens memory never blurs. Wherever you stand, wherever you turn, the city’s long and rich history will be alive before you. This is the place that wonder of building design, the Parthenon, was made (University Press Inc, 2003) . This is the place  symbolization got indistinguishable from life, and this is the place Pericles gave the funerary discourse, that landmark of the spoken word. In the focal point of town are two slopes, the Acropolis with the landmarks from the Age of Pericles, and Lycabettus with the beautiful sanctuary of Ai Giorgis. Whereas, in Egypt it was divided in two sorts of area, the ‘dark area’ and the ‘red land’. River Nile the ‘dark area’ was the ripe arrive on the banks of the Nile ( The British Museum, n.d). The aged Egyptians utilized this area for developing their products. This was the main arrive in antiquated Egypt that could be cultivated since a layer of rich, dark sediment was kept their consistently after the Nile flooded. The ‘red area’ was the infertile betray that secured Egypt on two sides ( The British Museum, n.d). These deserts differentiated old Egypt from neighbouring nations and attacking guards ( The British Museum, n.d) . They additionally gave the aged Egyptians a hotspot for valuable metals and semi-valuable stones. An ominous aspect that sets the most obvious parts of both these progresses apart upon a look lies in their respective specialties. In antiquated Egypt, works of art were upheld and honed. A significant part of the workmanship portrayed in antiquated Egypt has been discovered to be typical in nature and is commonly found on tombs and landmarks (History, n.d.). Works of Egyptian craftsmanship have utilized numerous far more diverse yet expressive colours to paint sketches. Old Egyptians created numerous fine arts where they portrayed nifty gritty in nature and is usually intended to give recognition to the individuals who have passed in their eternity. Paper made from papyrus played a considerable role in the artistic creations of Egyptians (History, n.d.). On the other hand, figurines were an unmistakable work of art in old Egypt with Egyptian makings huge models of divine beings, Pharaohs, rules and monarchs. A standout among all these figurines is the sphinx as it displays Egyptian culture only lesser than the pyramids. Hieroglyphics scripts of pictures are images is another fine art of the old Egyptians. Workmanship utilized in antiquated areck is likewise very note worthy as it clear the paths for other westernize artistic expression. The areas made a variety of symbolizations. Earthenware was used for multiple purposes ranging from running regular errains to trophies or awards. The antiquated Greeks also worked with metals for numerous bits of craftsmanship (History,  n.d.). The Greeks also made a variety of dirt and terracotta figures. Huge models of marble, stone and metals like bronze are recognizable feature of Greek craftsmanship made throughout their time. Coins were another outlined aspect of Greek craftsmanship (History, n.d.). This practice is still accompanied by practically all the nations on the planet. The Greeks also develop a specialty of board painting, where put into practicality on dividers and columns and regularly told epic stories of heroes and divine beings. Different types of compositions that were practice by old Greeks include painting vases and many more Thus, we find that ancient civilizations of Egypt and Greece had many differences. There are many differences between civilization of Egypt and Greece such as Egypt was built all the more in light of River society, Greece was on Sea society, Egyptian myths is all the more nearly identified with Christian mythology, While Egypt and Greece were both positively impacted by their divine beings responding as individuals may with insignificant jealousies and such, Greece’s divine beings were malignant to the point of torture and Egypt had a divine being for everything, Greece just had divine beings for the more basic components of life. The main differences are art, geographical, and the education of the two civilizations as discussed herein. References American tourism company.(n.d.)Ancient Egypt education and learning. The Life of Ancient Egyptians Education and Learning in Ancient Egypt.Retrieved from http://www.touregypt.net/historicalessays/lifeinegypt7.htm#ixzz2uyntwE4X History.(n.d.).History link 101.Education in Ancient Egypt.Retrieved fromhttp://historylink101.com/n/egypt_1/a-education.htm History.(n.d.).History link 101.Education in Ancient Greece. Retrieved fromhttp://historylink101.com/2/greece3/education.htm Joshua,J.(2013).Egyptian culture.Definitian.Retieved fromhttp://www.ancient.eu.com/Egyptian_Culture/ Miercoles.(2008).Compare and contrast essay.Ancient Egypt and ancient Greece.Retrievedfromhttp://xlxkasaxlx.blogspot.com/2008/04/compare-and-contrast-essay_16.html Saggs,H.,W.,F.(1989)Civilization before Greece and

Review of Related Literature on the Effect of Acid Using Vinegar as a Model on Mortality Rate of Freshwater Guppy Fishes Essay

Republic Act No. 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 is an Act providing for a comprehensive water quality management and for other purposes. In Section 2 of this Act, it states that the State shall pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with the protection, preservation and revival of the quality of our fresh, brackish and marine waters. The State wants to manage and reduce the population of water resources of the country by promoting environmental strategies and use of appropriate economic instruments. The State recognizes that water quality is in the same level of concern of the quality of life. This Act also wants to promote commercial and industrial processes and products that will not harm the environment, which includes the living organisms in different ecosystems. Related Literature According to the special report, Acid Precipitation of Gene Likens from Cornell University during 1976, the acidity of rain and snow falling on parts of the U.S. and Europe has been rising—for reasons that are still not entirely clear and with consequences that have yet to be well evaluated. Acid precipitation has a long-term effect especially on the living organisms in many lakes and streams which sometimes causes extinction. Related Studies On the study of Schindler during 1988, Effects of Acid Rain on Freshwater Ecosystems, it was stated that there is an increase in number of areas most likely to be affected by acid. The study presented the biological damage caused by the acid rain, which includes the disappearance mostly of small fishes that are considered as food for larger predators which might cause these predators to starve and might result for another disappearance of fishes. Justification of Study Articles and past studies show that acid rain has a negative effect on living organisms from different ecosystems including freshwater. It was also mentioned in the study of Schindler in 1988 that the small fishes are most affected by the acidity of their environment. This study wants to know how affected these small fishes are thus, determining the mortality rate of guppies in environments with different levels of acidity